4.1.4

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'雲南小粒咖啡能否崛起 成就中國咖啡之路'

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'咖啡新聞,雲南咖啡,中國咖啡'

'咖啡是僅次於水的飲料，在全球交易量中僅次於石油，這樣超然的地位是過去從大航海時期的全球化貿易和人類飲食習慣改變的結果。'

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'中國食品報網'

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''

'2014-06-11 17:22:16'

'2014-06-11 17:23:52'

'3476'

''

''

''

''

''

''

''

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NULL

'<p>
	　　中國人開始接觸咖啡始於清朝中後期的臺灣，在民國的十里洋場大上海風靡一時，爾後幾乎銷聲匿跡，伴隨着中國經濟持續快速的發展，咖啡再一次&ldquo;捲土重來&rdquo;。近年來，咖啡在中國的種植和消費都引得世人矚目，咖啡豆市場以每年20%的速度增長，越來越多的企業開始關注到中國咖啡市場的前景。</p>
<p style="text-align: center;">
	<img alt="" src="/uploads/allimg/140611/3-1406111H34L34.jpg" style="width: 500px; height: 280px;" /></p>
<p>
	　　中國絕大多數咖啡種植位於雲南省和海南省，其中由於雲南省的咖啡產量約佔國產咖啡總產量的84%，所以成是中國咖啡的代表。</p>
<p>
	　　雲南省的咖啡種植歷史可追溯到1892年，由一位法國傳教士引進，雲南西部和南部地處北緯15&deg;至北迴歸線之間，大部分地區海拔在1000-2000米，地形以山地、坡地爲主，且起伏較大、土壤肥沃、日照充足、雨量豐富、晝夜溫差大，這樣的氣候與自然風貌十分適於種植阿拉比卡Arabica，即所謂的小粒種咖啡，這是一種高產的國際型咖啡品種，在巴西、阿根廷、印度尼西亞等國家廣泛種植，國內俗稱雲南小粒咖啡。</p>
<p>
	　　真正雲南咖啡大規模種植是在二十世紀五十年代中期，一度種植規模達4000公頃。至1997年末，全省咖啡種植面積已達7800公頃，佔全國面積的70%。只可惜雲南咖啡無論是在種植生產還是在深加工方面都發展滯後，沒有形成良好的產業化，過往的半個世紀裏，雲南一直以一個咖啡種植地的地位存在，每年出產咖啡豆的60%以上被雀巢、麥斯威爾、惠氏等大公司收購，且價格低廉，更從未形成自己的品牌。</p>
<p>
	　　進入到二十一世紀之後，中國人逐漸意識到咖啡的重要性，有識之士開始努力打造自己的咖啡品牌。而云南咖啡則依靠自身優勢，是中國咖啡品牌化之路的強力保證。</p>
<p>
	　　雲南德宏有&ldquo;中國咖啡之鄉&rdquo;美稱。僅僅一地就佔全國咖啡種植面積的30%。德宏州的咖啡種植海拔高度均在1000米以上，其中有3萬畝種植在海拔1600米以上的山地上，加上德宏州種植咖啡主要使用有機肥和有機農藥，所產咖啡品質較高，是世界難得的優質咖啡出產地之一。</p>
<p>
	　　雲南保山，種植咖啡始於上世紀50年代中期，當地著名的潞江壩小粒咖啡，品質極優。早在上世紀50年代末期就在英國倫敦被評爲一等品。近些年來，隨着國際貿易的擴大，潞江壩的小粒咖啡更是聞名遐邇。歐美、阿拉伯國家，尤其是英、美、埃及、港澳商賈皆視其爲咖啡上品，產品供不應求。2010年12月，經中國國家質檢總局審覈，決定對&ldquo;保山小粒咖啡&rdquo;實施國家地理標誌產品保護。</p>
<p>
	　　中國咖啡消費市場在進入二十世紀之後也隨之進入井噴節奏，每年從巴西、印度尼西亞和馬來西亞的進口咖啡保持在20&mdash;&mdash;30%的增長量，而我們自身雲南所產的優質咖啡豆卻因爲產業不成熟而爲大家所不知，當務之急，是建立起有能力挖掘和傳播中國本土咖啡文化的國內品牌，讓雲南咖啡的發展之路走得更遠。</p>
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'咖啡新聞,雲南咖啡,中國咖啡'

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