| id |
'98757' |
| catid |
'2' |
| title |
'科技雜談：喝咖啡爲何聊出石墨烯' |
| thumb |
'/uploads/allimg/170417/3-1F41G00049105-lp.jpg' |
| keywords |
'科技,雜談,咖啡,爲何,聊出,石墨,項目,報到,考覈,評價,' |
| description |
'■從項目申報到考覈評價，科研活動的各個環節都應做出調整，以遵循交叉學科的發展規律 不久前，一位專注於交叉學科領域基礎研究的高校教授向筆者大倒苦水。我們用物理的方法解決化學問題，以研製性能更好的催化劑。可去物理系申請項目時，物理系說這是做化工' |
| hits |
'60' |
| uid |
'1' |
| author |
'人民網-人民日報' |
| status |
'9' |
| url |
'/views-98757' |
| link_id |
'0' |
| tableid |
'0' |
| inputip |
'' |
| inputtime |
'2017-04-17 09:59:54' |
| updatetime |
'2017-04-17 10:01:00' |
| displayorder |
'97988' |
| source |
'' |
| buyurl |
'' |
| videourl |
'' |
| wjm |
'' |
| biaoti |
'' |
| shopurl |
'' |
| litpic2 |
'' |
| litpic3 |
'' |
| beanrank |
'' |
| local |
'' |
| tel |
'' |
| gevideocode |
'' |
| myurl |
NULL |
| content |
'<img alt="" src="/uploads/allimg/170417/3-1F41G00049105.jpg" style="width: 200px; height: 220px;" /><br />
<p style="margin: 25px 0px; padding: 0px; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 18px; line-height: 32.4px; font-family: 微軟雅黑;">
■從項目申報到考覈評價，科研活動的各個環節都應做出調整，以遵循交叉學科的發展規律</p>
<p style="margin: 25px 0px; padding: 0px; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 18px; line-height: 32.4px; font-family: 微軟雅黑;">
不久前，一位專注於交叉學科領域基礎研究的高校教授向筆者大倒苦水。“我們用物理的方法解決化學問題，以研製性能更好的催化劑。可去物理系申請項目時，物理系說這是做化工，請去化工系申請。跑到化工系申請時，人家又說這個採用的是物理手段，應該去物理系申請。”</p>
<p style="margin: 25px 0px; padding: 0px; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 18px; line-height: 32.4px; font-family: 微軟雅黑;">
被當成“皮球”踢來踢去，教授很是鬱悶。他的尷尬確實是目前交叉學科發展受阻的一個縮影。</p>
<p style="margin: 25px 0px; padding: 0px; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 18px; line-height: 32.4px; font-family: 微軟雅黑;">
交叉學科，顧名思義，是集取學科之長、融合多元手段，共同解決具體科學問題的學科門類。在一些學科的實踐中，交叉學科領域更容易找到新的科研生長點，當單一學科研究發展到一定程度時，往往需要藉助其他學科方法或者手段攻克難題。</p>
<p style="margin: 25px 0px; padding: 0px; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 18px; line-height: 32.4px; font-family: 微軟雅黑;">
很多重大科技成果都是交叉學科的產物。比如納米技術，綜合了物理學、材料學和化學等學科；量子通信技術，匯聚了量子力學、通信理論和計算機科學等。再比如環境考古學，也是綜合了地質學、氣候學和環境學等多個領域學科。在涉及人口健康、能源、農業、軍工等重要方面，交叉學科的貢獻都有目共睹。</p>
<p style="margin: 25px 0px; padding: 0px; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 18px; line-height: 32.4px; font-family: 微軟雅黑;">
然而，上述這位教授的遭遇也不鮮見。在專家評審階段，交叉學科也會遭遇類似的無奈。例如某個生命科學與物理學交叉的項目，請生物學的專家，他們認爲這個項目不夠“純”。請物理學的專家，他們認爲這個“太簡單”，只是一種物理應用。這就造成了沒人願意來評審，也很少有“全才”能評審的局面。不僅如此，在考覈評價、人員流動、成果歸屬等方面都缺乏更明確的規定，加上交叉學科難度大、風險高，並非一交叉就成功，往往會使交叉學科的科研人員灰心喪氣，甚至可能讓這個門類滑向邊緣。</p>
<p style="margin: 25px 0px; padding: 0px; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 18px; line-height: 32.4px; font-family: 微軟雅黑;">
實際上，國家一直要求加強基礎科學和前沿技術研究，特別是交叉學科的研究。國家自然科學基金委也加大了對交叉學科的鼓勵力度，在經費支持上做出相應調整。但在具體實施上，還需要對規則進行完善和細化。</p>
<p style="margin: 25px 0px; padding: 0px; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 18px; line-height: 32.4px; font-family: 微軟雅黑;">
首先要改變學科條塊分割過於“呆板”的現狀。我國科研體系均建立於傳統的學科分類之上，現在學科雖然交叉融合了，但體制還是傾向於單一學科發展。從項目申報到考覈評價，科研活動的各個環節都應做出調整，以遵循交叉學科的發展規律，打破跨學科和跨機構遇到的重重壁壘。</p>
<p style="margin: 25px 0px; padding: 0px; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 18px; line-height: 32.4px; font-family: 微軟雅黑;">
其次要鼓勵學科交叉融合的學術氛圍。有學者講到，國外的石墨烯技術是喝咖啡聊出來的——很多不同專業背景的教授們坐在一起喝咖啡，各抒所長，解放頭腦，聊出了新意。因爲，只有進行深入的交流和借鑑，學科才能真的融合，而不是流於表面。</p>
<p style="margin: 25px 0px; padding: 0px; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 18px; line-height: 32.4px; font-family: 微軟雅黑;">
此外，還應建立促進交叉學科發展的教學和人才培養體系。沒有豐富的知識結構和更廣闊的學術背景，科研人員很難想到去融、更好去融。在科技創新的人才儲備上，應努力培養複合型科研人才，壯大人才隊伍，促進交叉學科的繁榮。</p>
' |
| tag |
'科技,雜談,咖啡,爲何,聊出,石墨,項目,報到,考覈,評價,' |
| kws |
array (
'科技' => 'https://gafei.com/article/search/keyword-%E7%A7%91%E6%8A%80.html',
'雜談' => 'https://gafei.com/article/search/keyword-%E9%9B%9C%E8%AB%87.html',
'咖啡' => 'https://gafei.com/article/search/keyword-%E5%92%96%E5%95%A1.html',
'爲何' => 'https://gafei.com/article/search/keyword-%E7%88%B2%E4%BD%95.html',
'聊出' => 'https://gafei.com/article/search/keyword-%E8%81%8A%E5%87%BA.html',
'石墨' => 'https://gafei.com/article/search/keyword-%E7%9F%B3%E5%A2%A8.html',
'項目' => 'https://gafei.com/article/search/keyword-%E9%A0%85%E7%9B%AE.html',
'報到' => 'https://gafei.com/article/search/keyword-%E5%A0%B1%E5%88%B0.html',
'考覈' => 'https://gafei.com/article/search/keyword-%E8%80%83%E8%A6%88.html',
'評價' => 'https://gafei.com/article/search/keyword-%E8%A9%95%E5%83%B9.html',
) |
| tags |
array (
) |
| prev_page |
array (
'id' => '98756',
'catid' => '2',
'title' => '從線上走到線下，Never Coffee 把精品咖啡做成即飲快消品',
'thumb' => '/uploads/allimg/170417/3-1F41F959313B-lp.jpg',
'keywords' => '線上,走到,線下,Never,Coffee,精品,咖啡,做成',
'description' => '寫了那麼多品類的消費升級品牌，這次終於要說說即飲咖啡了。 咖啡在中國作爲舶來品，市場規模並不很大，總共 700 億人民幣，減去以星巴克爲代表的連鎖店，以雀巢爲代表的速溶咖啡，瓶裝咖啡的市場只有 30億元。 但是，即飲咖啡的年增速能達到 30%，是個快速',
'hits' => '174',
'uid' => '1',
'author' => '36氪',
'status' => '9',
'url' => 'https://gafei.com/views-98756',
'link_id' => '0',
'tableid' => '0',
'inputip' => '',
'inputtime' => '1492394278',
'updatetime' => '1492394389',
'displayorder' => '97987',
'source' => '',
'buyurl' => '',
'videourl' => '',
'wjm' => '',
'biaoti' => '',
'shopurl' => '',
'litpic2' => '',
'litpic3' => '',
'beanrank' => '',
'local' => '',
'tel' => '',
'gevideocode' => '',
'myurl' => NULL,
) |
| next_page |
array (
'id' => '98759',
'catid' => '2',
'title' => 'laCelletta創客咖啡入駐深圳阿基米互聯網公社',
'thumb' => '/uploads/allimg/170417/3-1F41G00P0610-lp.jpg',
'keywords' => 'laCelletta,創客,咖啡,入駐,深圳,阿基,互聯網,',
'description' => '一杯咖啡，一場思想碰撞。近年來，創客咖啡文化逐漸在深圳火熱起來。4月7日，源自意大利的著名品牌laCelletta創客咖啡正式入駐深圳阿基米互聯網公社，並舉辦了開業儀式和品牌分享會。深圳阿基米互聯網公社位於南山科技園區迅美科技廣場3棟15樓，所處區域彙集',
'hits' => '137',
'uid' => '1',
'author' => '深圳新聞網',
'status' => '9',
'url' => 'https://gafei.com/views-98759',
'link_id' => '0',
'tableid' => '0',
'inputip' => '',
'inputtime' => '1492394737',
'updatetime' => '1492394898',
'displayorder' => '97990',
'source' => '',
'buyurl' => '',
'videourl' => '',
'wjm' => '',
'biaoti' => '',
'shopurl' => '',
'litpic2' => '',
'litpic3' => '',
'beanrank' => '',
'local' => '',
'tel' => '',
'gevideocode' => '',
'myurl' => NULL,
) |
| _inputtime |
'1492394394' |
| _updatetime |
'1492394460' |
| meta_title |
'科技雜談：喝咖啡爲何聊出石墨烯_咖啡資訊_咖啡新聞_中國咖啡網' |
| meta_keywords |
'科技,雜談,咖啡,爲何,聊出,石墨,項目,報到,考覈,評價' |
| meta_description |
'■從項目申報到考覈評價，科研活動的各個環節都應做出調整，以遵循交叉學科的發展規律 不久前，一位專注於交叉學科領域基礎研究的高校教授向筆者大倒苦水。我們用物理的方法解決化學問題，以研製性能更好的催化劑。可去物理系申請項目時，物理系說這是做化工' |
| cat |
array (
'id' => '2',
'pid' => '1',
'pids' => '0,1',
'name' => '咖啡資訊',
'dirname' => 'zixun',
'pdirname' => 'kafeixinwen/',
'child' => 1,
'childids' => '2,319,320,323',
'thumb' => '',
'show' => '1',
'setting' =>
array (
'edit' => 1,
'disabled' => 0,
'getchild' => 1,
'linkurl' => '',
'urlrule' => 3,
'seo' =>
array (
'list_title' => '咖啡資訊_咖啡咖啡圈最新最全的咖啡信息',
'list_keywords' => '',
'list_description' => '',
),
'template' =>
array (
'pagesize' => 20,
'mpagesize' => 20,
'page' => 'page.html',
'list' => 'list.html',
'category' => 'category.html',
'search' => 'search.html',
'show' => 'show.html',
),
'cat_field' => '',
'module_field' => '',
'html' => 0,
),
'displayorder' => '0',
'acount' => '8227',
'namerule' => '{typedir}/{Y}{M}{D}{aid}.html',
'namerule2' => '{typedir}/list_{tid}_{page}.html',
'mid' => 'article',
'pcatpost' => 1,
'topid' => '1',
'domain' => '',
'catids' =>
array (
0 => '2',
1 => '319',
2 => '320',
3 => '323',
),
'is_post' => 1,
'mobile_domain' => '',
'tid' => 1,
'url' => '/list-zixun.html',
'total' => 54,
'field' =>
array (
),
) |
| top |
array (
'id' => '1',
'pid' => '0',
'pids' => '0',
'name' => '咖啡新聞',
'dirname' => 'kafeixinwen',
'pdirname' => '',
'child' => 1,
'childids' => '1,2,319,320,323,3,302,303,304,305,66,190,316,317,318',
'thumb' => '',
'show' => '1',
'setting' =>
array (
'edit' => 1,
'disabled' => 0,
'getchild' => 1,
'linkurl' => '',
'urlrule' => 3,
'seo' =>
array (
'list_title' => '咖啡新聞',
'list_keywords' => '',
'list_description' => '',
),
'template' =>
array (
'pagesize' => 20,
'mpagesize' => 20,
'page' => 'page.html',
'list' => 'list.html',
'category' => 'category.html',
'search' => 'search.html',
'show' => 'show.html',
),
'cat_field' => '',
'module_field' => '',
'html' => 0,
),
'displayorder' => '0',
'acount' => '755',
'namerule' => '{typedir}/{Y}{M}{D}{aid}.html',
'namerule2' => '{typedir}/list_{tid}_{page}.html',
'mid' => 'article',
'pcatpost' => 1,
'topid' => '1',
'domain' => '',
'catids' =>
array (
0 => '1',
1 => '2',
2 => '319',
3 => '320',
4 => '323',
5 => '3',
6 => '302',
7 => '303',
8 => '304',
9 => '305',
10 => '66',
11 => '190',
12 => '316',
13 => '317',
14 => '318',
),
'is_post' => 1,
'mobile_domain' => '',
'tid' => 1,
'url' => '/list-kafeixinwen.html',
'total' => 2192,
'field' =>
array (
),
) |
| pageid |
1 |
| params |
array (
'catid' => '2',
) |
| parent |
array (
'id' => '2',
'pid' => '1',
'pids' => '0,1',
'name' => '咖啡資訊',
'dirname' => 'zixun',
'pdirname' => 'kafeixinwen/',
'child' => 1,
'childids' => '2,319,320,323',
'thumb' => '',
'show' => '1',
'setting' =>
array (
'edit' => 1,
'disabled' => 0,
'getchild' => 1,
'linkurl' => '',
'urlrule' => 3,
'seo' =>
array (
'list_title' => '咖啡資訊_咖啡咖啡圈最新最全的咖啡信息',
'list_keywords' => '',
'list_description' => '',
),
'template' =>
array (
'pagesize' => 20,
'mpagesize' => 20,
'page' => 'page.html',
'list' => 'list.html',
'category' => 'category.html',
'search' => 'search.html',
'show' => 'show.html',
),
'cat_field' => '',
'module_field' => '',
'html' => 0,
),
'displayorder' => '0',
'acount' => '8227',
'namerule' => '{typedir}/{Y}{M}{D}{aid}.html',
'namerule2' => '{typedir}/list_{tid}_{page}.html',
'mid' => 'article',
'pcatpost' => 1,
'topid' => '1',
'domain' => '',
'catids' =>
array (
0 => '2',
1 => '319',
2 => '320',
3 => '323',
),
'is_post' => 1,
'mobile_domain' => '',
'tid' => 1,
'url' => 'https://gafei.com/list-zixun.html',
'total' => 54,
'field' =>
array (
),
) |
| markid |
'module-article-2' |
| related |
array (
319 =>
array (
'id' => '319',
'pid' => '2',
'pids' => '0,1,2',
'name' => '咖啡比賽新聞',
'dirname' => 'kafeibisaixinwen',
'pdirname' => 'kafeixinwen/zixun/',
'child' => 0,
'childids' => 319,
'thumb' => '',
'show' => '1',
'setting' =>
array (
'edit' => 1,
'disabled' => 0,
'getchild' => 1,
'linkurl' => '',
'urlrule' => 3,
'seo' =>
array (
'list_title' => '[第{page}頁{join}]{catpname}{join}{modname}{join}{SITE_NAME}',
'list_keywords' => '',
'list_description' => '',
),
'template' =>
array (
'pagesize' => 20,
'mpagesize' => 20,
'page' => 'page.html',
'list' => 'list.html',
'category' => 'category.html',
'search' => 'search.html',
'show' => 'show.html',
),
'cat_field' => '',
'module_field' => '',
'html' => 0,
),
'displayorder' => '0',
'acount' => '40',
'namerule' => '{typedir}/{Y}{M}{D}{aid}.html',
'namerule2' => '{typedir}/list_{tid}_{page}.html',
'mid' => 'article',
'pcatpost' => 1,
'topid' => '1',
'domain' => '',
'catids' =>
array (
0 => '319',
),
'is_post' => 1,
'mobile_domain' => '',
'tid' => 1,
'url' => 'https://gafei.com/list-kafeibisaixinwen.html',
'total' => 40,
'field' =>
array (
),
),
320 =>
array (
'id' => '320',
'pid' => '2',
'pids' => '0,1,2',
'name' => '外國咖啡',
'dirname' => 'zixun/waiguokafeixinxi',
'pdirname' => 'kafeixinwen/zixun/',
'child' => 0,
'childids' => 320,
'thumb' => '',
'show' => '1',
'setting' =>
array (
'edit' => 1,
'disabled' => 0,
'getchild' => 1,
'linkurl' => '',
'urlrule' => 3,
'seo' =>
array (
'list_title' => '[第{page}頁{join}]{catpname}{join}{modname}{join}{SITE_NAME}',
'list_keywords' => '',
'list_description' => '',
),
'template' =>
array (
'pagesize' => 20,
'mpagesize' => 20,
'page' => 'page.html',
'list' => 'list.html',
'category' => 'category.html',
'search' => 'search.html',
'show' => 'show.html',
),
'cat_field' => '',
'module_field' => '',
'html' => 0,
),
'displayorder' => '0',
'acount' => '13',
'namerule' => '{typedir}/{Y}/{M}{D}/{aid}.html',
'namerule2' => '{typedir}/list_{tid}_{page}.html',
'mid' => 'article',
'pcatpost' => 1,
'topid' => '1',
'domain' => '',
'catids' =>
array (
0 => '320',
),
'is_post' => 1,
'mobile_domain' => '',
'tid' => 1,
'url' => 'https://gafei.com/list-zixun/waiguokafeixinxi.html',
'total' => 13,
'field' =>
array (
),
),
323 =>
array (
'id' => '323',
'pid' => '2',
'pids' => '0,1,2',
'name' => '7月資訊',
'dirname' => '7yuezixun',
'pdirname' => 'kafeixinwen/zixun/',
'child' => 0,
'childids' => 323,
'thumb' => '',
'show' => '1',
'setting' =>
array (
'edit' => 1,
'disabled' => 0,
'getchild' => 1,
'linkurl' => '',
'urlrule' => 3,
'seo' =>
array (
'list_title' => '[第{page}頁{join}]{catpname}{join}{modname}{join}{SITE_NAME}',
'list_keywords' => '',
'list_description' => '',
),
'template' =>
array (
'pagesize' => 20,
'mpagesize' => 20,
'page' => 'page.html',
'list' => 'list.html',
'category' => 'category.html',
'search' => 'search.html',
'show' => 'show.html',
),
'cat_field' => '',
'module_field' => '',
'html' => 0,
),
'displayorder' => '0',
'acount' => '1',
'namerule' => '{typedir}{Y}{M}{D}{aid}.html',
'namerule2' => '{typedir}/list_{tid}_{page}.html',
'mid' => 'article',
'pcatpost' => 1,
'topid' => '1',
'domain' => '',
'catids' =>
array (
0 => '323',
),
'is_post' => 1,
'mobile_domain' => '',
'tid' => 1,
'url' => 'https://gafei.com/list-7yuezixun.html',
'total' => 1,
'field' =>
array (
),
),
) |
| urlrule |
'/views-98757-[page].html' |
| fix_html_now_url |
'' |
| my_web_url |
'https://madmin.gafei.com/views-98757' |
| get |
array (
's' => 'article',
'c' => 'show',
'id' => '98757',
'm' => 'index',
) |
